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Nicaragua
Information från myndigheter och organisationer
Arkivet har startat om och saknar material från perioden 180119 - 180513
- Arkiveringsdatum 190503:
- UNHCR: One year into crisis, more than 60,000 forced to flee
- Lifosrapport: Nicaragua - protester, repression och riskprofiler
Arkiveringsdatum 210111:
Asylnytt 21-01-11:
Från Nicaragua/ Flyktingstatus kan beviljas trots våld under protester enligt domstol
En student från Nicaragua som under 2018 deltagit i protester mot regimen och mot polisens våldsanvändning sökte asyl. Migrationsverket bedömde att mannen riskerar förföljelse av myndigheterna och paramilitären, men uteslöt honom från skydd som flykting med motivering att han begått grova icke-politiska brott. Brotten bestod i att mannen kastat molotovcocktails och sten och skjutit med s.k. morteros mot polis och paramilitär och instruerat andra i att använda vapnen. Detta har mannen vidgått men han anser att brottet var politiskt samt att han bara försvarat barrikader även om han siktat på poliser som kan ha skadats. Han hävdar att Nicaragua redan beviljat amnesti för de brott som begicks under perioden och att han i varje fall inte är brottsbenägen, något som krävs för uteslutande. Domstolen går igenom UNHCR:s riktlinjer för uteslutande, EU-domar mm och bedömer att brotten som mannen begått visserligen är grova men politiska till sin karaktär. Domstolen väger in att våldet från demonstranterna följde på polisens och paramiltärens övervåld och att det inte riktats mot civila. Slutsatsen blir att mannen ska betraktas som flykting. Målet återförvisas till Migrationsverket. Domen är inte vägledande. Källa förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm
innehållArkiveringsdatum 190503:
UNHCR 19-04-16:
Från Nicaragua/ One year into crisis, more than 60,000 forced to flee their country
A year into Nicaragua's political and social crisis, an estimated 62,000 people have fled to neighbouring countries, with the vast majority - some 55,500 - seeking refuge in Costa Rica.
Many, in what is overwhelmingly a refugee flow, have resorted to irregular crossings to avoid detection, often walking for hours through difficult terrain, exposed to heat, humidity and the risk of malaria. Initially, it was mainly adults crossing the border, but families, including young children, are also now fleeing.
According to the Costa Rican Migration Authority, as of March 2019, some 29,500 Nicaraguans had formally filed asylum applications. But with reception capacity overstretched, 26,000 others are waiting to have their claims formalized.
Among those seeking asylum are students, former public officials, opposition figures, journalists, doctors, human rights defenders and farmers. A significant number arrive in need of health care, psychological support, shelter and food assistance.
Both the UN Human Rights Office and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) have expressed concern over the deterioration of the situation in Nicaragua since April 2018, reporting serious human rights violations against those who participated in anti-government protests and those who helped them.
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, commends Costa Rica's efforts to enable people to enter its territory and access its asylum procedure. These efforts are all the more commendable given the significant pressure on the asylum system and local communities.
(...)
Läs mer (Extern länk)
ECRE 19-04-19: Costa Rica Struggles with over 60,000 Fleeing from Nicaragua (Extern länk)
Migrationsverket 19-04-23:
Från Nicaragua/ Lifosrapport: Nicaragua - protester, repression och riskprofiler
Rapporten behandlar i första hand utvecklingen i Nicaragua under det år som gått sedan omfattande protester bröt ut i april 2018. Vidare beskrivs regeringssidans repressiva åtgärder mot demonstranter och personer som är eller uppfattas vara oppositionella. I rapporten redogörs också för riskprofiler såsom personer med koppling till studentrörelsen och andra delar av civilsamhället, såväl som journalister och andra personer inom mediesektorn.
Hämta rapporten (Extern länk)
Arkiveringsdatum 180831:
UNHCR 18-08-24:
Från Nicaragua/ Guidance note on the outflow of Nicaraguans
International protection needs
1. Nicaragua continues to be affected by a grave political and social crisis giving rise to violence and human rights abuses.1 Many Nicaraguans have consequently had to flee their country. Given the volatility of the situation, this is expected to continue. Based on UNHCR and partner profiling and border monitoring exercises, UNHCR observes that the majority of asylum claims are based on individuals' real or imputed political opinion,2 and therefore considers that they are likely to be in need of international refugee protection.
2. Accordingly, UNHCR calls on States to allow Nicaraguans access to their territory and provide them with access to the asylum procedure and international protection as needed, in line with their obligations under the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol, applicable regional and national instruments, while flagging the relevance of the Cartagena Declaration.3 UNHCR stands ready to provide technical support and expertise as required by States seeking to improve the accessibility, fairness, and efficiency of their asylum processes.
Considerations relating to refugee status determination (RSD) procedures
3. Where States are applying the 1951 Convention refugee definition or the definition in applicable regional instruments, UNHCR would support the implementation of measures to accelerate and simplify individual case processing if the number of cases exceeds the capacity of the asylum system and profiles are sufficiently similar that RSD processes can be streamlined. In the event that asylum systems become overwhelmed as a result of large numbers of applications, UNHCR encourages group-based mechanisms which it is also prepared to support.4 In addition, UNHCR encourages States to ensure that asylum-seekers are not prevented from accessing essential services due to processing delays. All decisions on asylum claims need to take into account relevant, reliable and up-to-date country of origin information.
(...)
Hämta dokumentet (Extern länk)
Arkiveringsdatum 180804:
UNHCR 18-07-31:
Från Nicaragua/ UNHCR steps up its response as thousands flee violence in Nicaragua
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is calling for international solidarity and support for Costa Rica and other countries hosting Nicaraguan refugees and asylum seekers, as thousands of Nicaraguans flee mounting political tensions, violence and serious human rights violations in their country.
In recent months, the number of asylum applications by Nicaraguans in neighbouring Costa Rica and other countries has increased exponentially. Currently, an average of 200 asylum applications are being lodged daily in Costa Rica. According to Costa Rican authorities, nearly 8,000 asylum claims by Nicaraguan nationals have been registered since April, and some 15,000 more have been given appointments for later registration as the national processing capacities have been overwhelmed. UNHCR is providing an initial support to the Migration authority to increase its processing capacity from 200 to at least 500 claims daily.
UNHCR is strengthening its presence in Costa Rica's northern border region and, together with the Costa Rican Government, other UN agencies and its NGO partners, is gearing up its response capacity to provide immediate protection and assistance to thousands of Nicaraguan refugees and asylum seekers, both in the northern region and in the metropolitan area of the capital San Jose.
Many arriving Nicaraguans are being hosted by an estimated 100,000 to 150,000 Nicaraguan families living already in Costa Rica, who are providing an initial safety net for friends, relatives and fellow citizens.
(...)
Läs mer (Extern länk)
Källor: Informationen på denna sida är hämtad från följande källor (externa länkar): EU (kommissionen, ministerrådet, parlamentet och domstolen), Europarådet (mr-kommissionären, domstolen, kommittén mot tortyr), FN:s flyktingkommissariat UNHCR, FN:s kommitté mot tortyr m.fl. FN-organ, Sveriges Radio, SvT, andra svenska media via Nyhetsfilter och pressmeddelanden via Newsdesk, utländska media till exempel via Are You Syrious och Rights in Exile, internationella organisationer som Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, ECRE, Statewatch och Picum, organisationer i Sverige som Rädda Barnen, Asylrättscentrum, Svenska Amnesty, FARR och #vistårinteut samt myndigheter och politiska organ som Migrationsverket, Sveriges domstolar, JO, Justitiedepartementet m.fl. departement och Sveriges Riksdag.
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